Dandruff

Dandruff is a common scalp condition that causes visible flakes, itching, and sometimes redness. While it’s not usually serious, it can be uncomfortable and affect confidence. Understanding the causes and proper care is the first step toward comfort and healthy hair.

Here’s how you can help your scalp feel comfortable and healthy:

What Causes Dandruff?

    • A naturally occurring yeast on the scalp, Malassezia, can overgrow in some people.

    • This overgrowth irritates the scalp, leading to inflammation and flaking.

    • Factors such as oily scalp, stress, or hormonal changes can trigger it.

    • Cold, dry weather can exacerbate flaking.

    • Hot, humid weather may increase oil production and fungal activity.

    • Pollution and dust can irritate the scalp.

    • Over-washing: Strips natural oils, which can trigger compensatory oil production and flaking.

    • Under-washing: Allows buildup of oil and dead skin cells, fueling dandruff.

    • Harsh products: Sulfates, high-alcohol styling products, and certain hair dyes can worsen flaking.

    • Seborrheic Dermatitis: A common cause of dandruff; causes red, scaly, itchy patches.

    • Psoriasis: Thick, silver scales may appear on the scalp and can be confused with dandruff.

    • Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis): Can lead to flaking and irritation on sensitive scalps.

  • Your body’s internal environment plays a big role in scalp health:

    • Hydration & nutrition: Low water intake or deficiencies in vitamins A, D, E, omega-3s, and zinc can increase scalp sensitivity.

    • Stress: Chronic stress triggers inflammatory responses, which can worsen itching and scalp irritation.

    • Hormonal changes: Pregnancy, menopause, thyroid imbalances, or fluctuations in cortisol levels can affect oil production and skin sensitivity.

    • Sleep and rest: Poor sleep reduces your body’s ability to repair and regulate skin, increasing irritation.

Dandruff occurs when the scalp sheds skin cells faster than normal. Unlike simple dry scalp, dandruff flakes are often larger, greasy, or yellowish, and can be accompanied by redness or irritation. Common causes include:

Daily Habits That Makes It Worse

  • Over-Washing Hair

  • Under-Washing Hair

  • Washing Hair with very hot water

  • Tight Hairstyles/Hats Traps Sweat

  • Excessive Scratching/Brushing

  • Harsh Hair Products & Chemicals

How to Help with Dandruff

  • Anti-fungal or anti-inflammatory shampoos (zinc pyrithione, ketoconazole, salicylic acid) can reduce flakes.

  • Wash scalp regularly to remove buildup, but avoid harsh scrubbing.

  • Lightweight oils like jojoba or argan can help balance scalp moisture.

    • Massaging the scalp increases blood flow and helps reduce irritation.

    • Head spa treatments can relieve tension and calm sensitive skin.

    • Avoid scratching—this can damage skin and hair follicles.

    • Protect your scalp from extreme heat, sun, or harsh weather.

    • Check for triggers like certain hair products, stress, or diet changes.